SAP C_ABAPD_2507 SAP Certified Associate - Back-End Developer - ABAP Cloud Exam Practice Test

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

The correct way to change the contents of a row in an internal table is by using the MODIFY statement.

MODIFY allows updating the existing entry in an internal table based on its key or position.

If the row exists, the statement replaces the data; if not, it inserts a new row depending on the internal table type and whether a key is specified.

INSERT adds new rows but does not modify.

APPEND adds entries at the end, and UPDATE is for database tables, not internal tables.

This behavior is consistent with the ABAP programming model used in both classical and RAP-based developments when manipulating internal collections or buffering data in memory during behavior pool execution.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

In CDS views:

A. Aliases → ✅ Allowed for data sources and their fields, both in joins and associations.

C. ON clause → ✅ Both joins and associations use ON conditions to link data sources.

B. Expose entire data source without fields → ❌ Incorrect; explicit field selection is required.

D. Field list without data source prefix → ❌ Incorrect; unless aliased, fields must be qualified.

Thus, the overlap between joins and associations lies in aliasing and ON clause usage.

Verified Study Guide Reference: ABAP CDS Development Guide – Joins vs Associations.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

RAP defines the architecture for OData services based on CDS semantic data models and ABAP behavior—this is the current model.

The predecessor is the ABAP Programming Model for SAP Fiori (BOPF/CDS-based), which can be migrated into RAP; it also exposes ABAP backend logic via CDS semantics.

ABAP Cloud Development Model (B) is the rule set/contract (release contracts, checks), not the service-building model. CAP (C) targets Node.js/Java on BTP, not ABAP-based backend services.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

The EXTRACT_YEAR, EXTRACT_MONTH, and EXTRACT_DAY functions in ABAP SQL are SQL built-in functions used for extracting date components. These functions are only supported for timestamp-capable or date-capable fields.

According to the ABAP CDS Development Guide and SAP HANA SQL capabilities available to ABAP SQL via CDS or native SQL:

DATS (ABAP Dictionary data type for dates) is fully supported for extract functions.

TIMESTAMP and UTCLONG are also supported since they represent full date-time values and are mapped internally to TIMESTAMP with time zone considerations.

TIMS is a time-only type and is not valid for extract date functions.

TIMN is for time periods and is also not valid for extracting year, month, or day.

Therefore:

Option B (UTCLONG) – correct

Option C (TIMESTAMP) – correct

Option D (DATS) – correct

Options A (TIMS) and E (TIMN) – incorrect

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

In ABAP Cloud, string functions that support regular expressions (PCRE) include:

match( ) → returns the first substring matching the regex.

matches( ) → checks if the whole string matches the regex.

find( ) → finds a substring based on regex pattern.

Functions such as reverse( ) and condense( ) do not support regex patterns; they are purely string manipulation utilities.

Verified Study Guide Reference: ABAP Keyword Documentation – String Functions with Regular Expressions.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

RAP and ABAP Cloud emphasize expression-based coding, and REDUCE is a key reduction expression. The code above defines an accumulator (h_structure_variable) and iterates over an internal table (source_itab) with FOR … IN …, so a loop over the source table is created (D). In each iteration, fields are accumulated and, when the expression finishes, the final accumulator value is returned and assigned to structure_variable. With compatible structured types, components are copied name-by-name (C).

In ABAP Cloud, the language is explicitly described as “aligned and extended to support RAP … The application developer uses typed APIs … and benefits from static code checks.” This underpins the use of typed, expression-based constructs like REDUCE for safe, declarative logic.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

Value helps in CDS are defined using annotations like:

@Consumption.valueHelpDefinition: '_association'

This enriches fields with semantic metadata for Fiori/UIs. Associations provide technical links, but the value help definition itself is given by annotations.

Study Guide Reference: ABAP CDS Guide – Annotations for Value Helps.

 Database table

 Data model view

 Projection view

 Service definition

 Service binding

In RAP, the development flow follows a bottom-up approach, beginning with persistence and ending with OData exposure:

Database table:The persistence layer where data is stored. This is the foundation of the business object model.

Data model view (CDS entity):The CDS view is defined on top of the database table to provide a semantic data model. It represents entities like Travel or Booking.

Projection view:Provides an abstraction of the data model view and controls which fields and associations are exposed externally.

Service definition:Specifies which projection views (entities) are exposed in the OData service.

Service binding:Connects the service definition to a communication protocol (e.g., OData V2 or V4), generating the final consumable service endpoint.

This sequence ensures a layered architecture consistent with RAP guidelines:

Persistence layer → Data model layer → Projection layer → Service layer → Binding to protocol.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

Behavior Definition (BDEF) is where read-only, mandatory, and transactional rules are enforced across all RAP applications.

Projection view → restricts fields per app, not globally.

Metadata extension → UI annotations only.

Service definition → defines exposure, not behavior.

Therefore, setting field read-only in the behavior definition enforces it globally across all RAP BO usages.

Study Guide Reference: RAP Development Guide – Behavior Definitions and Field Control.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In ABAP Cloud/RAP examples, test classes are created inside the development object (e.g., inside the behavior implementation) and are marked FOR TESTING—these are local classes (they live in the program/class include, not as separate global repository classes). The guides show creating test classes under the Test Classes tab and referencing the Local Types section of the implementation (friends etc.), i.e., local to the program/object.

This contrasts with global classes that exist as standalone repository objects; the RAP test patterns explicitly model the former (local) for unit tests within the object’s context.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

In ABAP Cloud / RAP, authorization control follows a structured approach:

Read access → can be controlled implicitly via an Access Control object (D).

Create, Update, Delete access → can be controlled both:

Explicitly with AUTHORITY-CHECK (B),

Or implicitly through Access Control object definitions (C).

General implicit control via Access Control (A) or explicit checks for Read (E) are not correct because the system differentiates access levels precisely.

This ensures that business users can only access the data they are authorized for, following RAP’s security-by-default principle.

Verified Study Guide Reference: RAP Security & Access Control Documentation – Authorization in RAP BOs.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

dats_add_days → ✅ Returns the number of days added/subtracted to a given date → INT4.

dats_days_between → ✅ Returns the number of days between two dates → INT4.

dats_add_months → ❌ Returns a DATE, not INT4.

dats_is_valid → ❌ Returns a BOOLEAN (flag), not INT4.

In CDS, these date functions are used for calculations in queries, supporting business logic pushdown.

Verified Study Guide Reference: ABAP CDS Functions Reference – Date and Time Functions.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In ABAP, inheritance is declared in the class DEFINITION using the keyword INHERITING FROM. The RAP documentation shows this exact syntax in multiple class definitions, for example:

“CLASS lcl_local_event_consumption DEFINITION INHERITING FROM cl_abap_behavior_event_handler.” This proves the inheritance clause belongs to the DEFINITION section, not the IMPLEMENTATION, and uses the form INHERITING FROM .(Back-End Developer – ABAP Cloud study areas: RAP handler/event classes use standard ABAP OO rules; architecture shows inheritance declared in DEFINITION with INHERITING FROM.)

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Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Use ABAP Development Tools (ADT) in Eclipse: For ABAP Cloud development, ADT must be used, and modern object types such as CDS View Entities and Behavior Definitions can only be edited in ADT. This confirms option B.

Use SAP-released/predefined extension points: RAP extensibility is opt-in; every possible extension point must be defined explicitly in the original BO artifacts. Extensions are performed only at these predefined points to ensure lifecycle stability—this is exactly the “use SAP-released extension points” rule. This confirms option A.

In contrast, directly modifying SAP objects is not part of the clean-core, upgrade-stable model for public cloud; extensions must adhere to released APIs and predefined points (therefore C is not correct). The classic Web Dynpro UI technology is not the target for ABAP Cloud development in S/4HANA Cloud public edition (therefore D is not correct). (Context anchored by the extensibility/clean-core guidance above.)

Study-Guide anchors: ABAP Cloud development with ADT only; RAP opt-in extensibility and predefined extension points for cloud-ready, upgrade-safe extensions.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Modern ABAP encourages well-structured OO patterns under ABAP for Cloud Development, with static checks and typed APIs. A singleton is realized by:

Preventing external instantiation (CREATE PRIVATE).

Holding a static reference attribute to the single instance.

Providing a public static factory (get_instance) that returns the single instance.This aligns with the ABAP Cloud guidance on architecture-driven, upgrade-stable design (strict language, typed APIs, static checks).

(C) is wrong: the factory method must be public so callers can get the instance.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

CDS view parameters must be defined with types that are visible in the ABAP Dictionary.

A. Built-in ABAP Dictionary type → ✅ Supported (e.g., CURR, CHAR).

D. Data element → ✅ Supported, as data elements are dictionary-level types.

B. Built-in ABAP type (like i, string) → ❌ Not supported directly, CDS requires dictionary-compatible types.

C. Component of a structure → ❌ Not supported directly; parameters cannot reference structure components.

This ensures that CDS definitions remain database-compatible and semantically rich, which is critical for RAP services.

Verified Study Guide Reference: ABAP CDS Development Guide – Defining View Parameters.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

A → Recommended to define attributes for message placeholders.

C → Inheriting from cx_static_check enforces compile-time checks to ensure exceptions are handled.

E → Implementing if_t100_message allows integration with message classes.

B → Misleading, design-time warning is about handling, not raising.

D → Not a recommended practice in ABAP Cloud (system classes are not extendable).

Study Guide Reference: ABAP Objects Guide – Defining Exception Classes.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

Sorted tables can be declared with unique keys (ensuring no duplicates) or with non-unique keys (allowing duplicates).

Hashed tables only allow unique keys.

Standard tables allow non-unique keys only.

Thus, sorted internal tables are the only type that can be configured with both unique and non-unique keys.

Verified Study Guide Reference: ABAP Dictionary and ABAP Cloud Programming Guide – Internal Table Types.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Parameters in CDS view entities (WITH PARAMETERS) must always be supplied when querying. In ABAP SQL, the syntax rules are:

A. CorrectSupplying a literal date ('20230101') directly is valid because the parameter p_date is of type abap.dats.

B. CorrectSupplying a value via an ABAP expression using @( ... ) is syntactically correct. Here, cl_abap_context_info=>get_system_date( ) returns the current system date in ABAP Cloud-compliant way, and is wrapped with @() for expression embedding. This is the best practice in ABAP Cloud development.

C. IncorrectBackticks (`...`) are used in ABAP for string templates, not for literals in this context. A date literal must be in quotes '...'.

D. Incorrect:$session.system_date is not valid in ABAP SQL. Session variables like $session.* are supported in HANA SQL, but in ABAP CDS view consumption via ABAP SQL, this is not allowed.

Therefore, only A and B are correct.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

To redefine a component in a subclass:

The component (method) in the superclass must be defined with the FOR REDEFINITION addition.

In the subclass, you use the REDEFINITION clause in the method declaration and implement the method in the subclass to override the superclass behavior.

Thus:

Option A is correct because the method declaration in sub1 must include the REDEFINITION addition.

Option D is correct because the actual redefined method implementation must be provided in the subclass sub1.

Option B is incorrect because the component is not re-implemented in the superclass.

Option C is incorrect because REDEFINITION is not added in the superclass, but FOR REDEFINITION is.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

In ABAP Cloud, translation is supported for:

Data element texts (short, medium, long descriptions).

Message class texts (used in MESSAGE statements).

Text symbols (defined in programs).

Not translatable:

String variables → runtime values, no translation.

Text literals → hard-coded, not translatable via translation tools.

Study Guide Reference: ABAP Documentation – Text Elements and Translation in ABAP Cloud.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

ABAP Open SQL allows CAST( … AS … ) to SQL/Dictionary-compatible types such as CHAR(n) and DEC(p,s), which are valid (A, D).

ABAP numeric integer target is accepted as I in Open SQL casting context on recent ABAP platform levels (E).

N(8) is not a valid SQL cast target (NUMC is an ABAP elementary type, not an SQL cast target), and plain INT8 (without the ABAP type namespace form) is not a generally valid SQL type literal in Open SQL (so B and C are rejected on standard ABAP Cloud systems).

RAP and ABAP Cloud emphasize pushdown with typed SQL expressions and strict static checks; only released, database-compatible types are permitted in CAST, enforced by the language and static checks.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

UI layout is defined with @UI annotations; it is recommended to maintain the UI annotations in metadata extensions to separate concerns and keep CDS clean.

Metadata extensions provide CDS annotations (such as @UI) outside the data definition and allow layered, switchable UI metadata.

In the RAP tutorial, the “Adding UI Metadata to the Data Model” section explicitly instructs creating metadata extensions for projection views to control the presentation (line items, identification, hidden fields, search, text arrangement). Therefore, the RAP artifact used to organize how fields are displayed in the app is the Metadata Extension.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In ABAP SQL, the handling of arithmetic operations — especially division — is handled with care for data types and precision. Here’s how each applies:

B. Numeric function division(numerator, denominator, decimal places) accepts decimal inputThis is correct. The division function is designed for decimal-based calculations, where precision control is needed via the third parameter (number of decimal places). It supports packed numbers (DEC).

C. Numeric function div(numerator, denominator) expects only integer inputThis is correct. The div function is an integer division operator, returning an integer result and only accepts integers as input types.

E. Numeric function division(numerator, denominator, decimal places) accepts floating point inputThis is correct. In addition to decimals, division() can also work with floating point types (FLTP), enabling flexible division where decimals are not sufficient.

A. The division operator “/” accepts decimal inputThis is incorrect in the context of ABAP SQL. The / operator is not available as a built-in operator in Open SQL; arithmetic operations like this are not supported with native operators — only via functions.

D. The division operator “/” accepts floating point inputAgain, this is incorrect, as / is not valid syntax in ABAP SQL queries. Only built-in functions like div or division are supported in the CDS/Open SQL layer.