Salesforce PDI Platform Developer I (SP23) Exam Practice Test

The best tool to use to fix a Lightning web component bug in a sandbox is VS Code with the Salesforce Extension Pack. VS Code is a powerful and popular code editor that supports many languages and features. The Salesforce Extension Pack provides a set of tools and commands to work with Salesforce metadata, such as Lightning web components, Apex classes, Visualforce pages, and more1. Using VS Code, a developer can create, edit, deploy, and retrieve Lightning web components from a sandbox, as well as debug them using breakpoints, watch expressions, and the console2. VS Code also integrates with other tools and services, such as Git, GitHub, Salesforce CLI, and Lightning Web Components Playground3.

The Developer Console is not the best tool to use to fix a Lightning web component bug in a sandbox, as it is mainly designed for working with Apex and Visualforce. The Developer Console does not support creating or editing Lightning web components, nor does it provide debugging features for them4.

The Force.com IDE is not the best tool to use to fix a Lightning web component bug in a sandbox, as it is deprecated and no longer supported by Salesforce. The Force.com IDE was an Eclipse-based IDE that allowed developers to work with Salesforce metadata, but it had limited support for Lightning web components and did not provide debugging features for them5.

The Execute Anonymous tool is not the best tool to use to fix a Lightning web component bug in a sandbox, as it is used to run arbitrary Apex code that is not saved as part of the application. The Execute Anonymous tool does not support creating or editing Lightning web components, nor does it provide debugging features for them6.

References:

• 1: Salesforce Extension Pack for Visual Studio Code
• 2: Debug Your Code | Salesforce DX Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 3: Visual Studio Code Integration | Salesforce DX Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 4: Developer Console | Salesforce Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 5: Force.com IDE | Salesforce Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 6: Execute Anonymous | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers

 To implement the total_Hours__c field on the Opportunity object, the developer should use a roll-up summary field on the Opportunity object. A roll-up summary field calculates values from related records, such as those in a related list1. In this case, the roll-up summary field on the Opportunity object would sum up the Number_of_Hours__c values from the Sales_Help_Request__c records that are related to the Opportunity via the Lookup relationship. This is the simplest and most declarative way to achieve the requirement.

The other options are not valid because:

• A roll-up summary field on the Sales_Help_Request__c object would not be able to aggregate the values from the child records to the parent record. A roll-up summary field can only calculate values from the child records to the parent record in a master-detail relationship, not a lookup relationship1.
• A trigger on the Opportunity object would not be able to access the Number_of_Hours__c values from the Sales_Help_Request__c records without performing a SOQL query. A trigger can only access the fields of the records that are being inserted, updated, deleted, or undeleted2. A trigger would also require more coding and testing than a roll-up summary field.
• A record-triggered flow on the Sales_Help_Request__c object would not be able to update the total_Hours__c field on the Opportunity object without performing a SOQL query and a DML operation. A record-triggered flow can only access and update the fields of the record that triggered the flow3. A record-triggered flow would also be more complex and less efficient than a roll-up summary field.

References:

• 1: Roll-Up Summary Field - Salesforce
• 2: Triggers and Order of Execution - Salesforce
• 3: Record-Triggered Flows - Salesforce

The most efficient way to ensure that the TotalJobs__c field on Account is kept up to date is to change it to a roll-up summary field. A roll-up summary field calculates values from related records, such as those in a related list1. In this case, the roll-up summary field on the Account object would count the number of ServiceJob__c records that are related to the Account via the partner_Service_Provider__c Lookup field. This is the simplest and most declarative way to achieve the requirement.

The other options are not valid because:

• Creating a record-triggered flow on ServiceJob__c would require more steps and logic than a roll-up summary field. A record-triggered flow would need to query the related Account record, update the TotalJobs__c field, and handle possible errors2. A record-triggered flow would also consume more system resources and limits than a roll-up summary field.
• Creating an Apex trigger on ServiceJob__c would require more coding and testing than a roll-up summary field. An Apex trigger would need to perform similar operations as a record-triggered flow, but with more complexity and less maintainability3. An Apex trigger would also consume more system resources and limits than a roll-up summary field.
• Creating a schedule-triggered flow on ServiceJob__c would not ensure that the TotalJobs__c field is kept up to date in real time. A schedule-triggered flow runs at a specified time or time interval, which means that the TotalJobs__c field could be outdated between the scheduled runs4. A schedule-triggered flow would also consume more system resources and limits than a roll-up summary field.

References:

• 1: Roll-Up Summary Field - Salesforce
• 2: Update Salesforce Records from a Flow
• 3: Inserting and Updating Records | Apex Developer Guide
• 4: Schedule-Triggered Flows - Salesforce

The developer should select the Allow reparenting option on the master-detail relationship between Order and OrderItem. This option enables the developer to change the parent record of a child record in a master-detail relationship, which is also known as reparenting. By default, reparenting is not allowed in master-detail relationships, because the child record inherits the sharing and security settings of its parent record. However, in some cases, such as splitting an order into multiple orders, reparenting may be necessary to move some existing OrderItem records to a new Order record. The developer can use the Apex Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements, such as update or upsert, to change the parent record of the OrderItem records.

Changing the master-detail relationship to an external lookup relationship is not a valid option, because external lookup relationships are only available for external objects, which are objects that map to data stored outside Salesforce. Adding without sharing to the Apex class declaration is not a relevant option, because it only affects the sharing rules that apply to the Apex class, not the relationship between the objects. Creating a junction object between OrderItem and Order is not a suitable option, because it would create a many-to-many relationship between the objects, which is not the desired outcome.

References: Master-Detail Relationships, Reparent Records in Master-Detail Relationships, Prepare for Your Salesforce Platform Developer I Credential

 Running a flow in debug mode allows the developer to test the flow logic and functionality before activating it. Debug mode also provides detailed information about the flow elements, variables, and outcomes as the flow runs1. However, there are some limitations and considerations for debugging a flow, such as:

• Callouts to external systems are not executed when debugging a flow. This means that any flow elements that invoke Apex actions or invocable actions that make callouts will be skipped during debugging. The developer can use mock responses or stubs to simulate the callout results2.
• DML operations will be rolled back when the debugging ends. This means that any changes made to the database by the flow will not be committed or visible after the debugging session. The developer can use the Developer Console or the Setup Audit Trail to view the DML operations performed by the flow3.

The other two options are incorrect because:

• Clicking Pause or executing a Pause element does not close the flow and end debugging. Instead, it pauses the flow execution and allows the developer to inspect the flow state and variables at that point. The developer can resume the flow execution by clicking Resume or Next4.
• Input variables of type record can be passed into the flow. The developer can specify the record ID or assign field values for the input record variable when debugging the flow. The developer can also use the running user or a different user as the input record variable.

References:

• 1: Debug a Flow in Flow Builder | Salesforce Help
• 2: Debug Flows That Make Callouts | Salesforce Help
• 3: Debug Flows That Perform DML Operations | Salesforce Help
• 4: [Pause a Flow | Salesforce Help]
• : [Set Input Values for a Flow | Salesforce Help]

The sfdx commands that can be used to add testing data to a Developer sandbox are forced: data:bulk:upsert and forced: data:tree:upsert. The forced: data:bulk:upsert command uses Bulk API 2.0 to upsert records from a CSV file into an org1. The forced: data:tree:upsert command uses the SObject Tree Save API to import records from a JSON file that describes objects and relationships2. The forced: data:object:upsert command is not valid, and the forced: data:async:upsert command does not exist.

References:

• Salesforce CLI Command Reference - force:data:bulk:upsert
• Salesforce CLI Command Reference - force:data:tree:upsert

The correct answer is that the trigger is getting executed multiple times. This error message indicates that the trigger has exceeded the maximum number of recursions allowed by Salesforce, which is 16. This can happen when the trigger causes an update on the same object or a related object, which in turn fires the trigger again, creating an infinite loop. To avoid this, the developer should use a static variable to control the trigger execution and prevent it from running more than once in the same transaction. References: Apex Developer Guide, Trailhead

A developer can execute tests in an org using different methods, depending on the context and the tools available. The Tooling API1 allows developers to run tests programmatically by making REST or SOAP calls. The Setup Menu2 provides a user interface for running tests in the Salesforce org. Salesforce DX3 is a command-line tool that enables developers to create, test, and deploy applications using scratch orgs, which are temporary and customizable orgs for development and testing purposes. References: 1: Tooling API | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce 2: Run Unit Tests | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce 3: Salesforce DX | Salesforce

An error condition formula on a validation rule on Opportunity is the automation that allows the developer to satisfy the requirement in the most efficient manner. A validation rule is a declarative feature that allows you to define criteria for data quality and integrity. It can prevent users from saving records that do not meet the specified conditions. In this case, the developer can create a validation rule on the Opportunity object that checks if the user profile is not Sales Manager, the Opportunity Status is Closed Lost, and the lost reason is blank. If these conditions are true, the validation rule can display an error message and prevent the record from being saved12.

References:

• 1: Validation Rules
• 2: Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: Data Modeling and Management

To include a custom SVG in a Lightning web component, you need to follow these three steps:

• Upload the SVG as a static resource. You can use the Static Resource page in Setup or the Salesforce CLI to upload the SVG file as a static resource. You need to give it a name and a description, and optionally specify a cache control setting1.
• Import the static resource and provide a getter for it in JavaScript. In your Lightning web component’s JavaScript file, you need to import the static resource using the @salesforce/resourceUrl module. Then, you need to define a getter function that returns the URL of the static resource2. For example:

JavaScript

import { LightningElement } from 'lwc';

import customSVG from '@salesforce/resourceUrl/customSVG';

export default class MyComponent extends LightningElement {

get svgURL() {

return customSVG;

}

}

AI-generated code. Review and use carefully. More info on FAQ.

• Reference the getter in the HTML template. In your Lightning web component’s HTML template, you need to use the 

HTML

AI-generated code. Review and use carefully. More info on FAQ.

In the JavaScript file, you also need to define a handleSVGLoaded method that uses the XMLHttpRequest object to fetch the SVG content and append it to the 

JavaScript

handleSVGLoaded(event) {

const svgElement = event.target;

const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();

xhr.open('GET', this.svgURL, true);

xhr.onload = () => {

svgElement.innerHTML = xhr.responseText;

};

xhr.send();

}

AI-generated code. Review and use carefully. More info on FAQ.

References:

• 1: Create and Upload a Static Resource (Lightning Web Components Developer Guide)
• 2: Use a Static Resource (Lightning Web Components Developer Guide)
• 3: Use lwc:dom=“manual” (Lightning Web Components Developer Guide)
• 4: Load the SVG Content (Lightning Web Components Developer Guide)

To check the code coverage of a class after running all tests, the developer should view the code coverage percentage for the class using the Overall Code Coverage panel in the Developer Console Tests tab. This panel shows the code coverage for each class and trigger in the org, as well as the overall code coverage percentage. The developer can also double-click on a class or trigger name to see the code coverage details, such as which lines are covered or not covered by tests.

The other options are not correct because:

• A. View the Code Coverage column in the list view on the Apex Classes page. This option only shows the code coverage percentage for each class, but not the details of which lines are covered or not covered by tests. It also does not show the code coverage for triggers or the overall code coverage percentage.
• B. View the Class Test Percentage tab on the Apex Class fist view m Salesforce Setup. This option does not exist in Salesforce Setup. There is no such tab or view for Apex classes.
• D. Select and run the class on the Apex Test Execution page in the Developer Console. This option only runs the test methods in the selected class, but does not show the code coverage for the class or other classes and triggers in the org.

References:

• : Testing and Code Coverage
• : Developer Console

Aura Components and Lightning Web Components are two technologies that are built on a framework that fully supports the business requirement of building a responsive application capable of responding to touch events, that will be executed on stateful clients. Both technologies are part of the Lightning Component Framework, which is a modern UI framework for developing dynamic web apps for mobile and desktop devices. The Lightning Component Framework uses standard web technologies, such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and Web Components, to create reusable and interoperable components that can adapt to different screen sizes, devices, and orientations. The framework also provides features such as data binding, event handling, state management, and server-side integration, to enable developers to create rich and interactive user interfaces.

Aura Components are the original technology for creating Lightning components. They use a custom XML-based markup language, Aura, to define the component structure and behavior. Aura Components can respond to touch events using the ui:input component, which provides a generic input element that can handle different input types, such as text, number, date, checkbox, radio, toggle, and email. The ui:input component also supports touch gestures, such as swipe, tap, and pinch, by using the ontouchstart, ontouchend, ontouchmove, and ontouchcancel attributes. Aura Components are stateful, meaning that they maintain their state on the client-side and communicate with the server only when necessary. This reduces the network traffic and improves the performance and user experience.

Lightning Web Components are the newer technology for creating Lightning components. They use standard HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to define the component structure and behavior. Lightning Web Components can respond to touch events using the standard HTML input element, which provides a native input element that can handle different input types, such as text, number, date, checkbox, radio, toggle, and email. The input element also supports touch gestures, such as swipe, tap, and pinch, by using the standard touch event listeners, such as touchstart, touchend, touchmove, and touchcancel. Lightning Web Components are also stateful, meaning that they maintain their state on the client-side and communicate with the server only when necessary. This reduces the network traffic and improves the performance and user experience.

Visualforce Components and Visualforce Pages are two technologies that are not built on a framework that fully supports the business requirement of building a responsive application capable of responding to touch events, that will be executed on stateful clients. Visualforce Components are reusable UI elements that can be used in Visualforce Pages. Visualforce Pages are web pages that can display and interact with Salesforce data and logic. Visualforce Components and Pages use a custom XML-based markup language, Visualforce, to define the UI elements and behavior. Visualforce Components and Pages can be made responsive by using the Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS), which is a collection of design guidelines, components, and resources that enable developers to create consistent and beautiful user interfaces across devices. However, Visualforce Components and Pages do not have native support for touch events, and require custom JavaScript code to handle them. Visualforce Components and Pages are also stateless, meaning that they do not maintain their state on the client-side and communicate with the server on every request. This increases the network traffic and affects the performance and user experience.

References:

• Lightning Component Framework
• Aura Components Developer Guide
• Lightning Web Components Developer Guide
• Visualforce Developer Guide
• Salesforce Lightning Design System

 To calculate the estimated ship date for an Order, the best method is to use a Max Roll-Up Summary field on the Latest availability date fields. A Roll-Up Summary field calculates values from related records, such as the sum, minimum, maximum, or count of a field1. By using a Max Roll-Up Summary field on the Latest availability date fields, the Order record can display the latest date among all the Line Items, which is the earliest date that the Order can be shipped.

The other options are not correct because:

• A. Use a CEILING formula on each of the Latest availability date fields. This option is not valid, because a CEILING formula rounds a number up to the nearest integer2. This does not help to calculate the estimated ship date for an Order, as it does not compare the dates of the Line Items or display the result on the Order record.
• B. Use a DAYS formula on each of the availability date fields and a COUNT Roll-Up Summary field on the Order. This option is not valid, because a DAYS formula returns the number of days between two dates2. This does not help to calculate the estimated ship date for an Order, as it does not account for the latest date among the Line Items or display the result on the Order record. A COUNT Roll-Up Summary field only counts the number of related records, not the values of a field1.
• C. Use a LATEST formula on each of the latest availability date fields. This option is not valid, because there is no such formula function as LATEST in Salesforce2. Even if there was, it would not help to calculate the estimated ship date for an Order, as it would not display the result on the Order record.

References:

• : Roll-Up Summary Fields
• : Formula Operators and Functions

In Salesforce, the sharing context is determined by the definition of the class where a method is defined, not where it is invoked or instantiated. Since there’s no “with sharing” or “without sharing” keyword in the class definition in the provided example, it operates in system context. In system context, Apex code has access to all objects and fields— object permissions, field-level security, sharing rules aren’t applied for the current user. References: Apex Developer Guide

A. if (Schema.sObjectType.Contact.isUpdatable()) - This checks if the Contact object is updatable for the current user. B. if (Schema.sObjectType.Contact.fields.Is_Active__c.isUpdateable()) - This checks if the Is_Active__c field on the Contact object is updatable for the current user.

These checks should be performed before executing DML statements to ensure that security is not bypassed.

C and D are incorrect because: C. It only checks if the Contact object is accessible, not whether it’s updatable. D. Checking ownership does not necessarily enforce field-level and object-level permissions.

References:

• Apex Developer Guide
• Trailhead: Data Security

I also noticed that you sent me an image along with your question. It seems to be a snippet of code written in Apex, which is used for Salesforce development. It shows a public method named updateContact that accepts a Contact object as a parameter. Inside this method, there’s an assignment operation where Is_Active__c field of thisContact object is set to false. A try/catch block follows where an attempt to update thisContact record occurs within try; any exceptions caught during this process are handled in catch block. If an exception occurs during update operation, an error message string gets concatenated with exception’s message and displayed using ApexPages.addmessage.

If you are looking for more resources to study for the Platform Developer I exam, you can check out the following links from my web search results:

• Free Salesforce Platform Developer 1 Practice Exam (With Answers): This is a website that offers 60-question practice exam with answers and explanations, written by a Salesforce Developer.
• SALESFORCE CERTIFIED PLATFORM DEVELOPER I: This is a PDF document that provides the exam guide, sample questions, and answers for the certification exam.
• Salesforce Platform Platform Developer I Exams – Courses: This is a website that offers 4 full-length practice exams with 60 questions each, written by a Salesforce Developer

When deploying to a production org, all Apex code, including triggers, must have at least 75% test coverage. This means that at least 75% of the lines of code in each Apex class and trigger must be executed by unit tests. This is a requirement to ensure the quality and reliability of the code and to prevent any unexpected behavior or errors in production. Test coverage is calculated by dividing the number of covered lines by the total number of lines in each class or trigger. Test coverage can be measured by running tests in the Developer Console, the Salesforce CLI, or the Apex Test Execution page in Setup. Test coverage can also be viewed in the Code Coverage page in Setup or in the Problems tab in the Developer Console. Test coverage is different from test results, which indicate whether the tests passed or failed based on the assertions and expected outcomes. Test results do not affect the deployment, but they can help identify and fix any bugs or issues in the code. Test coverage and test results are both important aspects of testing Apex code and ensuring its functionality and performance. References:

• Testing Apex from the Apex Developer Guide
• Get Started with Apex Unit Tests from the Salesforce Trailhead
• Deploying Apex to a Production Organization from the Apex Developer Guide

• Apex Flex Queue is a location where a developer can view and reorder the pending asynchronous Apex jobs that are waiting to be processed. It can hold up to 100 jobs12. Apex Flex Queue is useful for managing the execution order and priority of asynchronous Apex jobs.
• Apex Jobs is a location where a developer can view the status and results of the asynchronous Apex jobs that have been processed, failed, or canceled. It can also show the progress and details of batch Apex and queueable Apex jobs3 . Apex Jobs is useful for monitoring and debugging the performance and outcome of asynchronous Apex jobs.
• Paused Flow Interviews component is a location where a developer can view and resume the paused interviews of active flows. It is not related to asynchronous or future methods.
• Time-Based Workflow Monitor is a location where a developer can view and manage the pending actions of time-based workflow rules. It is not related to asynchronous or future methods.

References:

• 1: Asynchronous Apex
• 2: Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: Automation and Logic
• 3: Monitoring Asynchronous Apex
• : [Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: Testing and Debugging]
• : [Manage Paused Flow Interviews]
• : [Monitor Time-Based Workflow]

This code is vulnerable to a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack, because it takes user-supplied input and outputs it directly back to the user without escaping the XSS-vulnerable characters, such as <, >, ", ', and &. By setting the escape attribute to false, the developer disables the anti-XSS filter that is enabled by default for most Visualforce tags. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious HTML or JavaScript code into the userInput parameter, which can then execute on the user’s browser and compromise their security or privacy. References:

• Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
• Security Tips for Apex and Visualforce Development
• Security Guidelines for Apex and Visualforce Development

 The correct answers are A and C because they use partial DML statements and the Database.Savepoint method, which are both best practices for ensuring transaction control and avoiding exceeding governor limits. Partial DML statements allow the developer to specify whether to allow partial success or rollback on failure when performing DML operations on multiple records. This can help avoid hitting the DML row limit (10,000) or the DML statement limit (150) by committing only the valid records and reporting the errors for the invalid ones. The Database.Savepoint method allows the developer to create a savepoint, which is a point in the request that specifies the state of the database at that time. The developer can then use the Database.rollback method to revert the database to the state of a specific savepoint, discarding any changes made after that point. This can help avoid hitting the CPU time limit (10,000 ms) or the heap size limit (6 MB) by rolling back any resource-intensive actions that are not necessary or successful.

The other options are incorrect because they do not provide effective techniques for ensuring transaction control and avoiding exceeding governor limits. Option B uses the System.Limit class to monitor the current CPU governor limit consumption, which is not a best practice. The System.Limit class provides methods to check the current limit usage and the limit value for various governor limits, such as CPU time, heap size, DML statements, etc. However, monitoring the limit consumption does not prevent hitting the limit, and it can also add extra overhead to the code execution. Instead of checking the limit usage, the developer should optimize the code performance and efficiency by using best practices such as bulkification, caching, asynchronous processing, etc. Option D uses the Readonly annotation to bypass the number of rows returned by a SOQL query, which is not a best practice. The Readonly annotation allows the developer to mark an Apex class or method as read-only, which means that it can only query the database and not perform any DML operations. This can increase the maximum number of rows returned by a SOQL query from 50,000 to 1,000,000, but it also restricts the functionality of the class or method. Moreover, bypassing the query row limit does not solve the problem of performing resource-intensive actions in memory by iterating over the result set, which can still hit the CPU time limit or the heap size limit. Instead of using the Readonly annotation, the developer should use best practices such as query filters, selective queries, query limits, etc. to reduce the size of the result set and improve the query performance. References:

• Apex Developer Guide: Using Partial DML
• Apex Developer Guide: Savepoints and Rollbacks
• Apex Developer Guide: Execution Governors and Limits
• Apex Developer Guide: Working with Very Large SOQL Queries

 Scratch orgs are short-term Salesforce environments that you can spin up to work on a feature. They are source-driven and disposable, meaning you can create and delete them as needed. They are fully configurable, allowing you to emulate different Salesforce editions with different features and settings. You can also install packages and deploy synthetic or dummy data for testing. Scratch orgs are ideal for developing in a source-driven way, as they enable source tracking, which keeps your local source files and the metadata in your org in sync. You can use Salesforce CLI or an IDE to create, open, and manage scratch orgs. Scratch orgs are different from other types of Salesforce orgs, such as Developer sandboxes, Full Copy sandboxes, and Developer orgs, which are long-term, persistent, and not source-driven. References:

• Scratch Orgs from the Salesforce DX Developer Guide
• Develop in Scratch Orgs from the Lightning Web Components Developer Guide
• Manage Scratch Orgs from the Dev Hub Org from the Salesforce DX Developer Guide

A developer can execute tests in an org using the Tooling API or the Developer Console. The Tooling API allows developers to run tests programmatically by making REST or SOAP calls1. The Developer Console is a web-based tool that provides a user interface for running tests, viewing test results, and debugging code2. The Bulk API and the Metadata API are not used for executing tests, but for loading and managing large sets of data and metadata respectively3 .

References:

• Apex Developer Guide - Run Unit Test Methods
• Salesforce Help - Developer Console
• Salesforce Developer - Bulk API
• Salesforce Developer - Metadata API

A junction object between Applicant and Job is the best way to represent that an applicant has applied for a job. A junction object is a custom object that has two master-detail relationships with two other objects. It allows you to create a many-to-many relationship between those objects. In this case, the junction object can store the information about the application, such as the date, status, and feedback, and link each applicant to one or more jobs, and each job to one or more applicants12.

References:

• 1: Relationships Among Objects
• 2: Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: Data Modeling and Management

An Assignment Flow element is a logic element that allows you to set values in variables, collection variables, record variables, record collection variables, and global variables1. You can use an Assignment Flow element to assign the support representative name to the custom field on the Case object based on the case origin. This way, you can automate the case assignment process without writing any code or using any formula. A trigger, a formula field, and a validation rule are not the best solutions for this scenario, as they either require code, are not dynamic, or do not change the field value. References: 1: Flow Element: Assignment - Salesforce

Lightning Web Components use the standard web component model, which includes the concept of Shadow DOM. Shadow DOM is a mechanism that isolates the component’s internal DOM from the rest of the page, creating a boundary that prevents the component from accessing or being affected by the elements outside of its own subtree. However, this also means that events that are fired from within the component’s shadow DOM do not propagate to the parent or ancestor components by default, unless they are configured to do so.

To configure how an event propagates, the component that dispatches the event can set two properties on the custom event object: bubbles and composed. The bubbles property determines whether the event can bubble up the containment hierarchy, which is the tree of components that contains the event source. The composed property determines whether the event can cross the shadow boundary, which is the boundary between the component’s shadow DOM and the light DOM of its parent component.

The possible values and effects of these properties are:

• bubbles: true, composed: true: The event can bubble up the containment hierarchy and cross the shadow boundary. This means that the event can be handled by any component that is an ancestor of the event source, regardless of whether it is in the same shadow DOM or not. This is the most common setting for custom events that need to communicate with other components in the page.
• bubbles: true, composed: false: The event can bubble up the containment hierarchy, but cannot cross the shadow boundary. This means that the event can be handled by any component that is an ancestor of the event source, as long as it is in the same shadow DOM. This is useful for custom events that need to communicate with other components within the same shadow tree, but not outside of it.
• bubbles: false, composed: true: The event cannot bubble up the containment hierarchy, but can cross the shadow boundary. This means that the event can be handled only by the component that dispatched the event, or by the component that contains the event source in its light DOM. This is useful for custom events that need to communicate with the direct parent component, but not with any other ancestor components.
• bubbles: false, composed: false: The event cannot bubble up the containment hierarchy, nor can it cross the shadow boundary. This means that the event can be handled only by the component that dispatched the event. This is useful for custom events that do not need to communicate with any other components, but only with the event source itself.

Therefore, the correct answer is B. bubbles: true, composed: true, as this is the only setting that enables the event to bubble up the containment hierarchy and cross the shadow boundary.

References:

• Configure Event Propagation
• Handle Events

The Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS) is a CSS framework that provides a look and feel that is consistent with Lightning Experience1. By incorporating the SLDS CSS stylesheet into the JavaScript applications, the developer can apply the same styles and components that are used in Lightning Experience, without having to rewrite the entire application or change the underlying logic. This is the quickest and most effective way to update the custom applications to match the Lightning Experience UI.

The other options are not as quick or effective as option A. Option B would require rewriting all the Visualforce pages as Lightning components, which would be time-consuming and complex, especially if the applications use a third-party JavaScript framework that is not compatible with Lightning Web Components. Option C is not valid, as there is no such attribute as enableLightning in the Visualforce page definition. Option D would enable the Visualforce pages to be accessed from Lightning Experience, Lightning Communities, and the mobile app, but it would not change the appearance or behavior of the pages to match the Lightning Experience UI. References:

• Style with Lightning Design System - Salesforce Developers
• Using the Salesforce Lightning Design System in Apps - Salesforce Developers

The Apex method that is wired to the searchResults property should be defined as a static method with the @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) annotation. This annotation enables the method to be called from the Lightning component and also allows the method to be cached by the Lightning Data Service. Caching the method improves the performance and user experience of the component, as it reduces the number of server requests and displays the data faster. The cacheable attribute should be set to true only for methods that return data that does not change frequently or does not depend on the user context. The term parameter should be used to filter the Opportunities based on the user input. References: Call Apex Methods, Improve Performance with Storable Actions, Prepare for Your Salesforce Platform Developer I Credential

The developer can update the method to prevent a SOQL injection attack by using variable binding and replacing the dynamic query with a static SOQL, or by using the escapeSingleQuote method to sanitize the parameter before its use. These are two ways to avoid concatenating user input directly into the query string, which can allow malicious input to alter the query logic and expose sensitive data. For example, the developer can rewrite the method as follows:

// Using variable binding and static SOQL List performSearch(String lastName){ String queryName = ‘%’ + lastName + ‘%’; return [SELECT Id, FirstName, LastName FROM Contact WHERE LastName LIKE :queryName]; }

// Using escapeSingleQuote method List performSearch(String lastName){ String sanitizedLastName = String.escapeSingleQuotes(lastName); return Database.query(‘SELECT Id, FirstName, LastName FROM Contact WHERE LastName LIKE '%’ + sanitizedLastName + ‘%'’); }

Using a regular expression on the parameter to remove special characters is not a reliable way to prevent a SOQL injection attack, because it may not cover all possible scenarios and may also remove valid input. Using the @Readonly annotation and the with sharing keyword on the class is not relevant to the SOQL injection issue, because they affect the data access and performance of the class, not the security of the query.

References: SOQL Injection, Invoking Callouts Using Apex, Prepare for Your Salesforce Platform Developer I Credential

A deployment script is a file that contains a series of commands or instructions to perform a deployment task, such as creating or updating metadata components, running tests, or validating changes. To run a script that deploys to a sandbox, the development team can use the following tools:

• Option A: VS Code. VS Code is a code editor that supports Salesforce development with extensions, such as Salesforce Extension Pack and Salesforce CLI Integration. VS Code allows the development team to write and execute deployment scripts using the Salesforce CLI commands or the SFDX commands palette. VS Code also provides features such as syntax highlighting, code completion, debugging, and source control integration.
• Option B: SFDX CLI. SFDX CLI is a command-line tool that enables the development team to interact with Salesforce orgs and perform various tasks, such as creating scratch orgs, retrieving and deploying metadata, running tests, and managing packages. SFDX CLI can run deployment scripts written in different formats, such as shell scripts, batch files, or JSON files.

References: The use of VS Code and SFDX CLI to run deployment scripts can be referenced in the Salesforce Platform Developer I learning documents, specifically in modules that cover Salesforce DX and deployment tools, such as:

• Get Started with Salesforce DX
• Deploy Changes to Orgs
• VS Code Basics

• Validation Rules. This is true because validation rules are a declarative way of enforcing data quality and business logic on the Salesforce objects. Validation rules can prevent users from saving records that do not meet certain criteria, such as required fields, unique values, or custom formulas1.
• Record-Triggered Flow. This is true because record-triggered flows are a declarative way of automating business processes and logic on the Salesforce objects. Record-triggered flows can perform actions such as creating, updating, or deleting records, sending emails, or calling Apex classes when a record is created, updated, or deleted2.
• Remote Actions. This is false because remote actions are a programmatic way of invoking Apex methods from Visualforce pages or Lightning components. Remote actions require writing Apex code and using the @RemoteAction annotation to expose the methods to the client-side3.
• Batch Jobs. This is false because batch jobs are a programmatic way of processing large sets of data or records in batches using Apex. Batch jobs require writing Apex code and implementing the Database.Batchable interface to define the start, execute, and finish methods of the job.

References:

• 1: Validation Rules
• 2: Record-Triggered Flows
• 3: Remote Actions
• : Batch Jobs

In this scenario, a formula field is the most appropriate choice to calculate the ratio between rejected and approved timesheets for a given project. This is because formula fields automatically calculate their values based on other fields’ values, requiring no additional maintenance or manual intervention. They are used for read-only purposes and are visible to users if they have read access to the object containing the formula field. To create the formula field, the developer can use the following expression:

IF(Total_Approved_Timesheets__c > 0, Total_Rejected_Timesheet__c / Total_Approved_Timesheets__c, 0)

This expression checks if the total approved timesheets is greater than zero, and if so, divides the total rejected timesheets by the total approved timesheets. Otherwise, it returns zero. This formula field will display the ratio as a decimal number, which can be formatted as a percentage if desired.

References: The use of formula fields for automatic calculations can be referenced in the Salesforce Platform Developer I learning documents, specifically in modules that cover objects and fields management, such as:

• Create Object Relationships
• Data Modeling
• Formula Operators and Functions by Context

A helper is a JavaScript resource that contains functions that can be reused by the component’s controller or other helpers. A controller is a JavaScript resource that contains functions that handle user interactions and events in the component. A renderer is a JavaScript resource that overrides the default rendering behavior of the component. A style is a CSS resource that defines the appearance of the component. A design is an XML resource that specifies the design-time attributes for the component. References: Using JavaScript, Using External JavaScript Libraries In Aura Component, Expression Functions Reference

 To make a Lightning web component available for a specific page type, such as the Account record page, the developer needs to do two things: expose the component and target the page type. Exposing the component means setting the  tag to true in the component’s metadata file (statusComponent.js-meta.xml). This makes the component visible in the Lightning App Builder and other tools. Targeting the page type means adding the  tag with the appropriate value in the same metadata file. For the Account record page, the value should be lightning__RecordPage. This specifies that the component can be used on any object’s record page. The  tag is optional and defines the display name of the component in the Lightning App Builder. The  tag should not be added to the component’s JavaScript file (statusComponent.js), as this is not a valid syntax and will cause an error. References:

• Configure Components for Lightning Pages and the Lightning App Builder from the Lightning Web Components Developer Guide
• Metadata for Lightning Web Components from the Lightning Web Components Developer Guide
• Lightning Web Components from the Salesforce Developer Center

 A Full Sandbox is a type of sandbox that has a complete duplicate copy of the production org, including all the data and configuration. A Full Sandbox is useful for testing and development purposes, as it allows the developer to perform any changes or operations without affecting the production org. A Full Sandbox also supports performance testing, load testing, and staging1.

The other options are not correct because:

• A Developer Pro Sandbox is a type of sandbox that has a copy of the production org’s configuration (metadata) and some data. A Developer Pro Sandbox is limited by storage space and can only hold up to 1 GB of data1.
• A Partial Copy Sandbox is a type of sandbox that has a copy of the production org’s configuration and a sample of the data. A Partial Copy Sandbox is limited by storage space and can only hold up to 5 GB of data. The data is selected based on a sandbox template that defines the objects and records to include1.
• A Production org is not a duplicate copy of itself, but the original org where the live data and processes are stored. A Production org is not meant for testing or development purposes, as any changes or operations can affect the users and the business2.

References:

• 1: Sandbox Types and Templates
• 2: Salesforce Environments

The component is used to create editable fields that respect the field-level security and other attributes of the specified field on an object. It works with the component to display and save the values of record fields. The component automatically displays the correct input type based on the data type of the field. For example, if the field is a currency field, the component renders as a currency input. The component also respects the user’s locale and currency settings. See lightning-input-field1 for more details. References: 1: lightning-input-field | Apex Reference Guide | Salesforce

 To create a CreditcardPayment class that provides an implementation of an existing Payment class, the developer should use the extends keyword to indicate that CreditcardPayment is a subclass of Payment, and the override keyword to indicate that CreditcardPayment provides a different implementation of the makePayment method than the superclass. This way, the CreditcardPayment class inherits the properties and methods of the Payment class, but can also modify or add its own behavior.

The other options are not correct because:

• B. Public class CreditCardPayment implements Payment. This option is not valid, because the implements keyword is used to indicate that a class implements an interface, not another class. An interface is a collection of abstract methods that a class must define, but a class is a blueprint for creating objects that have properties and methods.
• C. Public class CreditCardPayment extends Payment. This option is not valid, because it does not use the override keyword to provide a different implementation of the makePayment method. Without the override keyword, the subclass would inherit the same implementation of the method as the superclass, which defeats the purpose of creating a subclass.
• D. Public class CreditCardPayment implements Payment. This option is not valid, because it has the same problem as option B. It uses the implements keyword instead of the extends keyword, which is incorrect for creating a subclass of another class.

References:

• : Inheritance
• : Interfaces

To share a specific Case-Defect_c record with a user, the developer should share the parent Case and Defect_c records. This is because the Case-Defect_c object is a junction object that has two master-detail relationships with the Case and Defect_c objects. A junction object inherits the sharing and security settings from its two master objects, so the user needs to have access to both of them to view the junction object record1. Sharing only one of the parent records is not sufficient, as the user will not be able to see the other related record. Sharing only the junction object record is not possible, as it does not have its own sharing settings.

References:

• 1: Create a Junction Object

According to the order of execution rules, the first step that happens when a record is saved is the JavaScript validation on the browser, if the record contains any dependent picklist fields. This validation limits each dependent picklist field to its available values. No other validation occurs on the client side. The other steps happen later on the server side, after the record is submitted to the server. References:

• Triggers and Order of Execution, Apex Developer Guide, Section: Triggers and Order of Execution
• Learn Salesforce Order of Execution, Salesforce Ben, Section: Order of Execution from Developer Docs API v54

The code snippet above is not bulkified, meaning it does not handle multiple records efficiently. It performs a SOQL query inside a for loop, which can quickly hit the governor limit of 100 SOQL queries per transaction. The best technique to avoid reaching the governor limit is to refactor the code above to perform only one SOQL query, filtering by the Set of opportunityIds. This way, the code will retrieve all the OpportunityLineItems related to the given opportunityIds in one query, and avoid unnecessary iterations and queries.

References:

• Apex Developer Guide on Bulkifying Code (1)
• Apex Developer Guide on SOQL For Loops (2)
• Apex Developer Guide on System.Limits Class (3)

A validation rule is a formula that evaluates the data in one or more fields and returns a value of true or false. Validation rules verify that the data a user enters in a record meets the standards you specify before the user can save the record. A validation rule can contain a formula or expression that evaluates the data in one or more fields and returns a value of true or false. Validation rules also include an error message to display to the user when the rule returns a value of false after the user attempts to save the record. In this case, a validation rule can be used to prevent users from editing opportunities that have reached the Closed stage by checking the value of the StageName field and displaying an error message if the user tries to save any changes. References: Validation Rules Salesforce Platform Developer 1 Exam Guide, page 6.

 To efficiently generate the required data for each unit test, the best approach is to use @TestSetup with a void method. This annotation allows you to create common test data that is available for all test methods in the test class. The data is rolled back after each test method, so you don’t have to worry about deleting or modifying it. This way, you can avoid duplicating code and improve performance by reducing the number of DML operations. The other options are not correct because:

• Creating test data before Test.startTest in the unit test means that you have to repeat the same code for every test method that needs the same data. This can make your test class longer and harder to maintain. It also consumes more DML statements and governor limits.
• Creating a mock using the Stub API is useful for testing callouts or interfaces, not for creating test data. A mock object is a fake object that simulates the behavior of a real object. It does not persist any data in the database.
• Adding @IsTest(seeAllData=true) at the start of the unit test class is not a good practice, as it makes your test methods depend on the data in the org. This can cause your tests to fail or behave inconsistently if the data changes or is not available. It also exposes your test methods to the risk of violating data privacy or security policies. References:
• Generate Data for Tests
• Testing Best Practices
• Free Salesforce Platform Developer 1 Practice Exam (With Answers)

Performing queries inside loops is a common mistake that can lead to reaching governor limits quickly, especially in a multi-tenant environment like Salesforce where resources are shared among multiple users. It’s essential to optimize the code for efficiency and performance by reducing the total number of SOQL queries whenever possible. This can be achieved by moving queries outside of loops, using collections to hold data, and leveraging bulkified methods. References: The related learning material can be found in the “Apex Basics & Database” module on Trailhead, specifically in the unit titled “Write SOQL Queries”(1

I also noticed that you sent me an image along with your question. It seems to be a snippet of code written in Apex, which is used for Salesforce development. It shows a public static method named obtainAllFields that takes a Set of Ids as an argument and returns a List of Lead objects. Inside this method, there’s a for loop that iterates over each Id from the provided Set and performs a SOQL query to fetch all fields of the Lead record with that specific Id. Each queried Lead record is then added to the result list which is returned after all iterations are complete. This is an example of performing queries inside loops, which is not a best practice and can cause governor limit issues.

The Trigger.old context variable returns a list of the old versions of the sObject records. This sObject list is only available in update and delete triggers1. In a before insert trigger, there are no old versions of the records, so the Trigger.old context variable is null2. References:

• 1: Trigger Context Variables | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 2: Get Started with Apex Triggers Unit | Salesforce Trailhead

Marking the field as Required on the field definition ensures that the field cannot be left blank or null when a record is created or updated, regardless of the page layout or the API. This is the most efficient way to enforce a value for the picklist field, as it does not require any additional configuration or code. Setting the first value as the default value does not prevent the user from changing or clearing the value. Setting a validation rule requires writing a formula and handling error messages. Marking the field as Required on the page layout only affects the user interface, not the API or other tools. References:

• Create a Custom Picklist Field from the Salesforce Help
• Get Started with Picklists from the Salesforce Trailhead
• Picklist Considerations from the Salesforce Help

• SVG resources, content asset files, and static resources are three Salesforce resources that can be accessed from a Lightning web component. They are used to store and display images, icons, fonts, stylesheets, JavaScript libraries, and other files that are required by the component12.
• SVG resources are Scalable Vector Graphics files that can be used to create and display icons and images in a Lightning web component. They can be referenced by using the @salesforce/resourceUrl import in the JavaScript file of the component12.
• Content asset files are files that are uploaded to the Salesforce Content Library and can be used to store and display images and other media in a Lightning web component. They can be referenced by using the @salesforce/contentAssetUrl import in the JavaScript file of the component12.
• Static resources are files or archives that are uploaded to the Static Resources page in Salesforce Setup and can be used to store and access stylesheets, JavaScript libraries, fonts, and other files in a Lightning web component. They can be referenced by using the @salesforce/resourceUrl import in the JavaScript file of the component12.
• Third-party web components and all external libraries are not Salesforce resources that can be accessed from a Lightning web component. They are not supported or recommended by Salesforce for security and performance reasons12.
• Third-party web components are web components that are created by other vendors or developers and are not part of the Lightning web components framework. They may not follow the same standards, specifications, or best practices as Lightning web components and may introduce security risks or compatibility issues12.
• All external libraries are JavaScript libraries that are hosted on external servers or CDNs and are not part of the Salesforce platform. They may not be compatible with the Lightning web components framework or the Locker Service, which enforces strict security policies and restrictions on the code execution and access12.

References:

• 1: Lightning Web Components Developer Guide
• 2: Cert Prep: Platform Developer I: User Interface

 The developer should choose to use Data Loader instead of Data Import Wizard because Data Import Wizard cannot import more than 250 records at a time. Data Loader is a client application that can import up to five million records at a time, using either the user interface or the command line. Data Loader can also perform more complex operations, such as upsert, delete, and export. Data Import Wizard is a web-based tool that can import up to 50,000 records per file, but only 250 records per batch. Data Import Wizard can also perform insert, update, and upsert operations, but not delete or export. Data Loader does not run from the developer’s browser, but rather from the developer’s machine. Data Import Wizard does support Opportunities, as well as other standard and custom objects. Data Loader does not automatically relate Opportunities to Accounts, but rather requires the developer to map the fields accordingly. References:

• Salesforce Help: Data Import Wizard vs. Data Loader, page 1
• Salesforce Help: Data Loader Overview, page 1
• Trailhead: Platform Developer I Certification Study Guide: Data Modeling, unit 2

The best way to implement this feature is to use an Account custom trigger. A trigger is a piece of Apex code that executes before or after a record is inserted, updated, deleted, or undeleted1. In this case, the trigger should execute before an Account record is updated and check if the Postal Code field has changed. If so, the trigger should query the postalCodeToTimezone_c custom object to find the matching Timezone value and assign it to the custom Account text field named Timezone. This way, the Timezone field will be updated automatically based on the Postal Code field.

An Account approval process is not suitable for this feature, as it is used to automate the process of approving records based on predefined criteria and actions2. An Account assignment rule is also not suitable, as it is used to assign ownership of Account records to users or queues based on criteria3. An Account workflow rule is not suitable either, as it is used to automate tasks, email alerts, field updates, and outbound messages based on criteria and evaluation rules4. None of these options can update the Timezone field based on the values in a custom object.

References:

• Apex Developer Guide - Triggers
• Salesforce Help - Approval Processes
• Salesforce Help - Assignment Rules
• Salesforce Help - Workflow Rules

The deployment will pass because the Apex code has the required >75% code coverage. In Salesforce, one of the prerequisites for deployment is that the Apex code must have at least 75% test coverage. This means that at least 75% of your Apex script must be executed by your test classes. Since in this case, the overall code coverage is 81%, it exceeds the minimum requirement, allowing for successful deployment. However, it is not a best practice to rely on indirect code coverage from other classes or triggers. The developer should write a separate test class for the trigger that covers all the possible scenarios and outcomes. Additionally, the test method should include assertions to verify the expected behavior and results of the code. References:

• Apex Developer Guide)
• Testing Apex - Trailhead)
• Free Salesforce Platform Developer 1 Practice Exam (With Answers))

A Lightning component can execute a complex SOQL query that joins two objects by invoking an Apex class with the method annotated as @AuraEnabled. This annotation enables the Apex method to be called from the Lightning component’s JavaScript controller or helper. The Apex method can then perform the SOQL query and return the results to the Lightning component. This approach allows the Lightning component to leverage the programmatic capabilities of Apex and SOQL to perform complex queries that are not possible with declarative tools such as flows or standard components. References:

• Certification - Platform Developer I - Trailhead, Section 5. Exam Outline, Topic: Logic and Process Automation, Weight: 46%, Objective: Describe how to use declarative and programmatic methods to create custom user interfaces on the Lightning Platform.
• [Call Apex Methods from Lightning Web Components], Trailhead Module, Unit: Call Apex Methods Imperatively
• [SOQL and SOSL Queries], Salesforce Developer Guide, Chapter: SOQL and SOSL Reference

The correct statement is D, because it uses the SOSL syntax to search for the phrase ‘ACME’ in all fields of the Contact and Lead objects, and returns a list of sObjects that match the criteria. The other statements are incorrect because:

• A uses the SOQL syntax, which can only query one object at a time, and the LIKE operator requires a wildcard character (%) before and after the search term.
• B uses the SOSL syntax, but returns a list of lists of sObjects, which is not the expected output.
• C uses the SOSL syntax, but returns a map of sObjects, which is not the expected output. References:
• SOSL Syntax - Salesforce
• SOSL Statements - Salesforce
• SOQL and SOSL Reference - Salesforce

A trace flag is a configuration that specifies the debug level, the start time, the end time, and the log type for a user, an Apex class, or an Apex trigger. The log types are DEVELOPER_LOG, USER_DEBUG, and CLASS_TRACING. A trace flag can be configured for Visualforce, Apex classes, and users to enable logging of their activities and events. For example, a trace flag can be set for a Visualforce page to capture the execution time, view state, and heap size. A trace flag can also be set for an Apex class or trigger to override the default logging level and capture more or less information. A trace flag can also be set for a user to monitor their actions and interactions with Salesforce. A trace flag cannot be configured for Process Builder or outbound messages, as they are not supported log types. References:

• TraceFlag from the Tooling API Developer Guide
• Debug Log Levels from the Salesforce Help
• Set Up Debug Logging from the Salesforce Help

 To display any validation rule violation to the user, the developer needs to include the apex:message component on the Visualforce page. This component displays a custom message or an exception message, depending on the value of the id attribute. If the id attribute matches the id of another component on the page, such as an input field, the apex:message component displays the validation error for that component. If the id attribute is not specified, the apex:message component displays the first exception message generated by the controller. The developer can also use the apex:messages component to display all the messages for the page, not just the first one.

Option A is incorrect because adding custom controller attributes to display the message would require additional logic and coding in the controller and the Visualforce page. Option C is incorrect because using a try/catch with a custom exception class would not display the validation rule violation to the user, but rather handle the exception in the controller. Option D is incorrect because performing the DML using the Database.upsert() method would not display the validation rule violation to the user, but rather return a list of Database.SaveResult objects that contain the success or failure status of each record.

References: apex:message | Visualforce Developer Guide, ValidationRule | Metadata API Developer Guide, How to Display Validation Rule Errors in Visualforce Page

VSCode and SFDX CLI are two tools that can be used to run a script that deploys to a sandbox. VSCode is a code editor that supports Salesforce development with the Salesforce Extension Pack1. SFDX CLI is a command-line interface that allows you to perform various tasks related to Salesforce development, such as creating projects, pushing and pulling source code, running tests, and deploying to orgs2. Both tools can be integrated with a version control system and a CI/CD pipeline to automate the deployment process to a sandbox3. Change Sets and Developer Console are not tools that can run a script that deploys to a sandbox. Change Sets are a declarative way of deploying metadata changes from one org to another. Developer Console is an integrated development environment that allows you to edit, debug, and test Apex code and Visualforce pages. Neither of them can execute a custom script that deploys to a sandbox. References: 1: Visual Studio Code - Salesforce Developers (1) 2: Salesforce CLI - Salesforce Developers (2) 3: How to Work with Developer Sandboxes and the Salesforce CLI (1 of 2) | Salesforce Developers Blog (3) : Change Sets - Salesforce Help (4) : Developer Console - Salesforce Help (5)

 A developer can use a validation rule or a trigger to prevent Opportunities from being edited when they reach the Closed/Won stage. A validation rule can check the stage value and display an error message if the user tries to modify the record. A trigger can also check the stage value and throw an exception if the user tries to update the record. Both of these strategies can enforce the business logic at the database level and prevent unwanted changes.

An after-save flow or the Process Automation settings are not suitable for this requirement, because they are executed after the record is saved to the database. They can perform actions based on the record changes, but they cannot prevent the record from being edited in the first place.

References:

• 1: Validation Rules (Salesforce Help)
• 2: Triggers (Apex Developer Guide)
• 3: Run Flows After a Record Is Saved (Lightning Flow Developer Guide)
• 4: Process Automation Settings (Salesforce Help)

A record-triggered flow is an automation tool that allows you to run a flow when a record is created, updated, or deleted1. You can use a record-triggered flow to meet the business requirement of deleting associated opportunity records when the related account is deleted. You can configure the flow to trigger when an account is deleted, and then use the Get Records element to query the related opportunities. Then, you can use the Delete Records element to delete the queried opportunities2. This way, you can ensure that the opportunity records are proactively deleted when the account is deleted, without writing any code.

Workflow rules and process builder are also automation tools that can run when a record is created, updated, or deleted, but they cannot delete records directly. You would need to use an Apex action or a custom field update to achieve the same functionality3 . Scheduled jobs are Apex classes that run at specified intervals, such as daily or weekly. They are not suitable for the business requirement of deleting records when another record is deleted, as they are not triggered by record changes.

References:

• Record-Triggered Flows | Salesforce Help
• Delete Records with a Record-Triggered Flow | Salesforce Trailhead
• Workflow Rules | Salesforce Help
• [Process Builder | Salesforce Help]
• [Scheduled Apex | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers]

The developer should implement a callout from a queueable class called from a trigger to accomplish this. A callout is a request that is sent from Salesforce to an external service, such as a REST endpoint in the ERP system1. A queueable class is an Apex class that implements the Queueable interface and can be executed asynchronously by adding it to the Apex job queue2. A trigger is an Apex script that executes before or after specific data manipulation language (DML) events on a Salesforce object, such as insert, update, or delete3.

The reason why this option is the best is because:

• A callout from a future method called from a trigger (option A) is not recommended, because future methods have some limitations, such as not being able to pass sObjects as parameters, not being able to chain future calls, and not being able to monitor the status of the execution4.
• A callout from a schedulable class called from a scheduled job (option B) is not suitable, because scheduled jobs run at a specified time or interval, and not in response to a data change event, such as setting the order status to "Placed"5.
• A flow with a callout from an invocable method (option C) is not feasible, because flows cannot be triggered by data changes, but only by user actions, such as clicking a button, or by process automation tools, such as Process Builder or Workflow.

References:

• 1: Callouts | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 2: Queueable Apex | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 3: Triggers | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 4: Using the Future Annotation | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• 5: Schedulable Interface | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• : [Flow Trigger Workflow Actions | Salesforce Help]

The fire() method is used to fire an Aura application event from a component controller or helper. This method takes the event instance as a parameter and broadcasts it to all components that are listening for that event type. The registerEvent() method is used to declare an event in a component markup, not to fire it. The emit() and fireEvent() methods are not valid methods for Aura application events. References:

• Aura Components Developer Guide: Firing Application Events, page 1
• Trailhead: Platform Developer I Certification Study Guide: Lightning Web Components, unit 5

 A before-save Apex trigger on the Lead object can validate the email address using regular expressions or other logic and display an error message if it is invalid. This solution is efficient, scalable, and does not require any external dependencies or user intervention. References:

• [Apex Triggers]: Learn how to write Apex triggers to perform custom actions before or after changes to Salesforce records.
• [Validation Rules]: Learn how to use validation rules to check the accuracy of data before it’s saved to your database.
• [Approval Processes]: Learn how to automate the approval of records in Salesforce.
• [Lightning Web Components]: Learn how to build fast and reusable web components on the Lightning Platform.

A global picklist value set is a collection of values that can be shared across multiple picklist fields on different objects1. By using a global picklist value set, a developer can streamline the maintenance of the picklist and their values, as they only need to define the values once and reuse them across multiple fields. The global picklist value set also restricts the values to the ones defined in the value set, so that users cannot enter or select other values1.

Option B is incorrect, because creating the picklist on each object as a required field and selecting “Display values alphabetically, not in the order entered” does not streamline the maintenance of the picklist and their values, nor does it restrict the values to the ones mentioned above. The developer would still need to create and maintain the picklist values for each object separately, and the users could still enter or select other values that are not ‘High’, ‘Medium’, or ‘Low’.

Option C is incorrect, because creating the picklist on each object and selecting “Restrict picklist to the values defined in the value set” does not streamline the maintenance of the picklist and their values, either. The developer would still need to create and maintain the picklist values for each object separately, even if they use the same value set. The only benefit of this option is that it restricts the values to the ones defined in the value set.

Option D is incorrect, because creating the picklist on each object and adding a validation rule to ensure data integrity is not the best approach to streamline the maintenance of the picklist and their values, while also restricting the values to the ones mentioned above. The developer would need to write and maintain the validation rule for each object, which is more complex and error-prone than using a global picklist value set. The validation rule would also run after the user enters or selects a value, which is less user-friendly than preventing the user from entering or selecting an invalid value in the first place.

References:

• Global Picklists | Salesforce Help
• Create Global Picklists | Salesforce Trailhead
• [Picklist Fields | Salesforce Help]

 Developer Edition orgs are free, fully-featured copies of Salesforce that are designed for developers to create and test applications. They have the same configuration as the production org, but with limited data and file storage. Developer Edition orgs are ideal for individual developers or small teams who want to work in their own orgs that are isolated from each other. Full Sandbox orgs are also copies of the production org, but they require a paid license and have a refresh interval of 29 days. Partner Developer Edition orgs are similar to Developer Edition orgs, but they have higher limits on data and file storage, as well as the number of custom objects and tabs. They are available only to Salesforce partners who are enrolled in the Partner Program. Developer Sandbox orgs are copies of the production org metadata, but they have very limited data and file storage, and a refresh interval of one day. They are useful for coding and testing in a disposable environment, but not for developing complex applications that require more resources. References:

• Certification - Platform Developer I - Trailhead
• SALESFORCE CERTIFIED PLATFORM DEVELOPER I
• [Developer Edition Orgs | Salesforce Trailhead]
• [Sandbox Types and Templates | Salesforce Trailhead]

The developer should use the lightning-input-field component to support the security requirements. This component respects the field-level security and sharing settings of the Salesforce org, and displays the appropriate data to different types of users. The other components do not have this feature, and may expose sensitive data to unauthorized users. References: Lightning Web Components Developer Guide), Secure Coding Guide)

The optimal way to implement this feature is to build a flow with Flow Builder. Flow Builder is a tool that lets you automate business processes by creating flows that execute logic, interact with Salesforce, and call Apex classes. You can use Flow Builder to create a record-triggered flow that runs when an Account record is updated. In the flow, you can use a Get Records element to query the custom object based on the Postal Code field of the Account record. Then, you can use an Assignment element to assign the value of the Timezone field from the custom object record to the Timezone field of the Account record. Finally, you can use an Update Records element to save the changes to the Account record.

Option B is incorrect because an account assignment rule is used to automatically assign account owners based on criteria. It does not update other fields on the account record.

Option C is incorrect because a formula field is a read-only field that derives its value from a formula expression. It cannot be updated by the user or by a trigger.

Option D is incorrect because an account approval process is used to require approval from one or more users before an account record can be saved. It does not update other fields on the account record.

References: Flow Builder (Trailhead)), Record-Triggered Flows (Trailhead)), Account Assignment Rules (Salesforce Help)), Formula Fields (Salesforce Help)), Approval Processes (Salesforce Help))

This SOQL query will get the record for the Viridian City gym and its trainers by using a subquery to fetch the related records from the Trainer_c object. The subquery uses the relationship name Trainer_c, which is the plural form of the custom object name with a suffix of __c. The main query uses the Name field of the Gym_c object to filter by the gym name. The query also uses the correct syntax for SOQL, which requires the use of the equal sign (=) for comparison operators, and single quotes (') for string literals. References: SOQL SELECT Syntax, [SOQL Relationships Between Objects], [SOQL Subquery]

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The correct answers are C and D because they are the minimum requirements for deploying Apex code from a sandbox to production. According to the Salesforce documentation1, “To deploy Apex or package it for the AppExchange, at least 75% of your Apex code must be covered by unit tests, and all of those tests must complete successfully.” Additionally, “Every test method must use the System.assert methods to verify that the expected behavior occurs.” The other options are incorrect because they are not mandatory for deployment, but rather best practices or recommendations. Deploying during business hours may not be feasible or desirable for some organizations, depending on their availability and change management processes. Having at least one line of test coverage for each trigger is not enough to ensure code quality and functionality, and may not meet the 75% code coverage requirement. References:

• Apex Testing
• Deploy Apex
• Trailhead: Apex Testing

To support split shipments, a developer should add an Order_shipment_Group_c object and a master-detail field on Order_Line_c. The Order_shipment_Group_c object represents a group of order lines that share the same delivery method and destination address1. The master-detail field on Order_Line_c establishes a relationship between each order line and its corresponding order shipment group. This way, the shipping information can be stored in the Order_shipment_Group_c object instead of the Order_c object, and any number of order lines on a single order can be shipped to different locations.

References:

• OrderDeliveryGroup | Object Reference for the Salesforce Platform | Salesforce Developers

 A trigger is a piece of Apex code that executes before or after certain events, such as insert, update, delete, or undelete1. An aggregate function is a function that performs a calculation on a set of values and returns a single value, such as SUM, COUNT, AVG, MIN, or MAX2. A roll-up summary field is a field that calculates values from related records, such as those in a related list3. However, roll-up summary fields are only available for master-detail relationships, not for lookup relationships3. Therefore, to achieve a similar functionality for a custom object that is not in a master-detail relationship with the Opportunity object, a trigger can be written on the child object that uses an aggregate function to sum the amount for all related child objects under the Opportunity object. The trigger should handle different scenarios, such as insert, update, delete, or undelete of the child records, and update the corresponding Opportunity record accordingly. References:

• Triggers | Apex Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers
• Aggregate Functions | SOQL and SOSL Reference | Salesforce Developers
• Roll-Up Summary Field | Salesforce Help
• [Custom Roll-up Summary on Account Object | Salesforce Developer Guide - SFDCian]

The best option to support these requirements is to create a lookup field from Engineering_Support__c to Opportunity. This will allow users to associate multiple Engineering_Support__c records to a single Opportunity record, and also enable the use of roll-up summary fields on the Opportunity object to display aggregate information about the related Engineering_Support__c records. A lookup field creates a relationship that links two objects together, but does not affect record ownership, security, or deletion.

References:

• Custom Objects (1)
• Relationships Among Standard Objects and Fields (2)
• Create Object Relationships (3)

 By adding the @IsTest annotation above the class definition (line 01), it indicates that this class is a test class, and therefore, can only be used by other test classes. This ensures that the helper methods within are only accessible to unit tests, aligning with the best practices of encapsulation and modularity in Apex code. References: The related information can be found in the Apex Testing module on Trailhead ([Apex Testing](1