Huawei H12-725_V4.0 HCIP-Security V4.0 Exam Exam Practice Test

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Web rewriting in web proxy modifies web page contentforsecurity and access control.

Issues with web rewriting include:

A is true→ Server addresses can be hidden.

B is true→ Images may be misaligned due to rewriting.

C is true→ Fonts may be incomplete.

D is false→Web rewriting does not require Internet Explorer controls.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Web Proxy and Web Rewriting

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Network Access Control (NAC) and AAA work together for secure network access.

Key functions:

A. AAA handles user-to-device authentication.

B. NAC handles device-to-server authentication.

C. NAC supports 802.1X, MAC authentication, and Portal authentication.

D. AAA enforces authentication, authorization, and accounting.

Why are all options correct?

Each option correctly describes a function of NAC or AAA.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → NAC & AAA Integration

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Quota control policiesregulateuser access and resource usagebased on bandwidth and time constraints.

All options are correctsince Huawei firewalls support:

A→ Restricting the daily online duration.

B→ Restricting the total monthly online traffic.

C→ Restricting the total daily online traffic.

D→ Restricting the total online duration per month.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → User Quota Control Policies

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) logs record attack details for analysis and response.

The following information is logged:

A. Signature ID→ Unique identifier for the detected attack.

B. Source IP address of the attacker→ Identifies the origin of the attack.

C. Attack duration→ How long the attack lasted.

D. Signature name→ The specific attack detected (e.g., SQL injection).

All options are correct because Huawei NGFW logs complete IPS event details.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → IPS Logging & Analysis

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

SSL VPN authorization is role-based:

Role-based policiesdetermine user permissions.

IP-based access controlensures users connect from allowed networks.

Why are B and C incorrect?

SSL VPN does not authenticate based on MAC address or port number.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → SSL VPN Access Control

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

PBR (Policy-Based Routing)allows traffic to be forwarded based on specific policies.

All options are correctsince Huawei PBR can match:

A→ Source IP address

B→ Source security zone

C→ Source MAC address

D→ Application

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Policy-Based Routing Configuration

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

IPsec does not support non-IP traffic (e.g., multicast, routing protocols, or legacy protocols like IPX).

GRE over IPsec allows encapsulation of:

A. IPX→ Legacy protocol supported via GRE.

B. VRRP→ Uses multicast, which GRE supports.

C. IPv6→ GRE tunnels can carry IPv6 over IPv4.

D. OSPF→ Uses multicast (224.0.0.5 & 224.0.0.6), requiring GRE.

Why are all options correct?

GRE over IPsec is required for non-unicast and legacy protocols.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → GRE over IPsec Deployment

A screenshot of a computer error message AI-generated content may be incorrect.

POST → Sending Information to the Server

ThePOST methodin HTTP is used to send data to a web server.

Examples include:

Submitting login credentials.

Posting comments or messages on a forum.

Uploading files via web applications.

UnlikeGET, POSThides sensitive information in the request body, making it more secure for transmitting login credentials or personal data.

Internet Access Using a Proxy → Firewall Deployment for Proxy Access

Aproxy serverallows users toaccess the internet through a controlled gateway.

To enforce security policies, afirewall must be deployed between the intranet and the proxy server.

Proxies are used for:

Content filtering(blocking unwanted websites).

Access control(restricting web usage based on user roles).

Anonymization(hiding the user's original IP address).

File Upload/Download Size → Controlling Upload Limits

Firewalls and security devicescan restrict file upload/download sizesto:

Prevent excessive bandwidth usage.

Block potentially malicious file uploads.

Alert and Block Thresholds:

Alert threshold:Logs a warning if a file exceeds a specific size.

Block threshold:Prevents files larger than the configured limit from being uploaded or downloaded.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

iMaster NCE-Campus authentication supports multi-condition matching:

Account information(e.g., username, password, role-based policies).

SSID information(specific Wi-Fi network authentication).

Terminal IP address ranges(assigns different policies based on network segments).

Why is this statement true?

Multiple authentication conditions can be applied simultaneously to enforce flexible access control.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → iMaster NCE-Campus Authentication Policy

Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) in firewalls follow amulti-step processto detect and mitigate threats. The steps occur in a logical sequence:

1️⃣Step 1: Identifies and Parses Application-Layer Protocols

The firewall firstidentifies the protocol being used(e.g., HTTP, FTP, DNS, SMTP).

Parsing the protocol helps the IPS engineunderstand how the data is structuredand what types of attacks might be embedded.

This step is crucial for detectingprotocol-based attackslike SQL injection or cross-site scripting (XSS).

2️⃣Step 2: Reassembles IP Fragments and TCP Flows

Attackers oftensplit malicious payloads across multiple packetsto evade detection.

The firewallreassembles fragmented packets and TCP flowsto reconstruct the full data stream.

This step is critical for detectingevasion techniques such as fragmented attacks or out-of-order packet attacks.

3️⃣Step 3: Performs Signature Matching

Once the full data stream is reassembled, the IPScompares it against known attack signatures.

Signature matching helps detect:

Malware patterns(e.g., botnets, Trojans).

Exploits targeting vulnerabilitiesin software and operating systems.

Firewalls usepredefined signature databasesthat are regularly updated.

4️⃣Step 4: Performs the Response Action Based on the IPS Profile

If an attack is detected, the firewall takes anaction based on the IPS policy:

Block the traffic(drop malicious packets).

Alert the administrator(generate logs and alerts).

Rate-limit traffic(slow down potential attack sources).

Theresponse mechanism is customizablebased on security requirements.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Nginx logs store detailed HTTP request information, including:

RequestedURLs

ClientIP addresses

Query parameters(which may contain SQL injection attempts)

SQL injection detection using logs:

SuspiciousSQL keywordsin GET/POST requests (e.g., ' OR 1=1 -- or UNION SELECT).

Repeated attack attemptsfrom a single source IP.

Why is this statement true?

Nginx logs provide full request details, enabling engineers to detect SQL injection attempts.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Web Attack Detection & Log Analysis

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Authentication-free rules allow unauthenticated users to access essential services before login.

The following traffic must be allowed before authentication:

DNS traffic→ Users need to resolve domain names for the Portal page.

Portal page access→ The captive portal must be reachable.

RADIUS server communication→ Users must authenticate via RADIUS.

Why is this statement true?

Without these authentication-free rules, users would be unable to reach thePortal login page.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Portal Authentication-Free Rules

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Inbound bandwidth= Trafficenteringthe firewall.

Outbound bandwidth= Trafficleavingthe firewall.

Correct answers:B. Public → Private traffic is controlled by inbound bandwidth.D. Private → Public traffic is controlled by outbound bandwidth.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Firewall Virtual System Bandwidth Control

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Eth-Trunk (Ethernet Trunking)aggregates multiplephysical linksinto asingle logical interface, improvingbandwidth and redundancy.

Manual mode limitations:

Manual mode does NOT detect link faults or incorrect connections—it only detects link disconnections.

To detectlink faults,LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol) modeis required.

Why is D false?

Manual mode canonly detect link disconnectionsbutnot link faults or incorrect connections.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Eth-Trunk Configuration

Huawei USG6000 Firewalls Link Aggregation Guide

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Flood attacks (DoS/DDoS) overwhelm network resources, preventing normal users from accessing services.

Correct answers:

A. Exhaust available bandwidth→ Large amounts of traffic saturate the network.

B. Exhaust server-side resources→ High CPU/memory usage causes server crashes.

D. Exhaust network device resources→ Firewalls, routers, and switches become overloaded.

Why is C incorrect?

Controlling host rights is related to hacking, not flooding attacks.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → DoS/DDoS Attack Prevention

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Heartbeat linksbetween firewalls ensuresynchronization and failover.

Layer 2 or Layer 3 configuration depends on deployment needs, but there isno strict 30% bandwidth rulefor Eth-Trunk heartbeat links.

Why is this statement false?

The30% threshold condition is incorrect.

Eth-Trunk heartbeat links aretypically Layer 3 for better failover and routing control.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Firewall High Availability Deployment

1. Virtual System → Services and routes can be isolated.

A virtual system (VS)in Huawei firewalls is afully isolated security instancewithin a single physical firewall.

Each virtual system hasseparate services, routing tables, policies, and security rules, ensuring full isolation between different users or tenants.

2. VPN Instance → Only route isolation can be implemented.

AVPN instance (VRF - Virtual Routing and Forwarding)providesroute isolationfor different customer networks butdoes not isolate services or security policies.

This is typically used inMPLS VPN deploymentswhere different customers share the same physical device but need isolated routing tables.

3. VPN Instance → VPN instances are automatically generated.

In someMPLS VPNorSDN-managed networks, VPN instances can beautomatically createdwhen customer configurations are pushed via controllers.

Dynamic routing protocols (e.g., BGP/MPLS VPN) can automatically generateVRF instancesbased on network policies.

4. Virtual System → An instance needs to be manually created.

Unlike VPN instances,virtual systems must be manually createdby an administrator on the firewall.

Each virtual system functions as acompletely independent firewall, requiring manual configuration ofinterfaces, policies, and routing settings.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

GRE over IPsecis used totunnel non-IP traffic, multicast, and dynamic routing protocolsover IPsec VPN.

Tunnel mode is requiredbecause:

Transport mode only encrypts the payload, but GRE needs the entireoriginal IP packet encrypted.

Tunnel mode encrypts the entire packet(original + GRE headers), ensuring full encapsulation.

Why is this statement true?

GRE over IPsec must use tunnel modeto fully encapsulate and protect packets.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → GRE over IPsec Configuration